This verse's meaning is very different from the way it is normally translated, Jesus statement is as much of a compliment as a criticism.  He is not calling Peter, "Satan." The word is not in the form of address. Nor is he calling Peter an "offense" or a "stumbling block." That word is not in the right form either. The form of the words "satan" and "offense/stumbling block" match each other and both are the object of the verb mistranslated as "get" and better translated as "withdraw.

This verse also uses a couple of Aramaic words, translated as "Satan" and "offence/stumbling block"  that are put into a Greek form. If Jesus's words, as some claim, are translated into Greek from Aramaic, it is hard to explain why some words aren't translated (see more in this article about why we believe that Christ taught in Greek). The word "satanas" means "adversary," "adversity,"  and the idea of "opposition." See this article on "satan".

This verse also uses an uncommon verb translated as "savorest" and "have in mind." This indicates that it was chosen for its specific meaning. It is from a root noun that Jesus never uses that means "midrift," but which the Greeks use like we use "a gut feeling" or "having the guts" or "my gut tells me. So the sense is "having a gut feeling." However, we can simplify this to the idea of "comprehend," though I think the literal sense has more feeling. So Jesus is saying that Peter is like him, not having a gut feeling to things of the Divine, but for this of people.

This NIV version is embellished with words like "concerns" that Jesus doesn't use. The NIV also strips out the parallel constructions that Jesus used.