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Today's Verse Analysis

After the Pharisees question Jesus about his authority, he tells a story about the nature of obedience.

Spoken to
audience
KJV Verse

Matthew 21:28 But what think ye? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work to day in my vineyard.

NIV Verse:

Matthew 21:28 What do you think? There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’

 

What His Listeners Heard:

How, however, does it seem  to you? A man had kids, two. Approaching the first, he said, "Kid, go out for the day, work yourself in the vineyard."

Lost In Translation:

This story is funny, but the humor sadly is not translated into English. The "what do you think" phrase here is addressed to the ones who challenged Jesus to explain the source of his authority. As the story begins, the word translated misleadingly as "came" and "went" is not the common word for "come," and certainly not "went," but a special form of "come" that is typically used for an inferior approaching a superior, as we use "approach," which suggests that the son considered himself superior to the father. The word translated as "the first," in the context of authority, it means "the highest," which is another play on the relative roles of parent and child. The word translated as "son" means "child" and also makes the son less of an adult.

The whole story is an explanation that makes light of Jesus's refusal to explain his authority. As a whole, it contains words Jesus often uses only when he is making light of something. The scene is one of a parent kicking his children out of the nest, which relates as much to Jesus and his apostles than his opponents. (For more on understanding Jesus's humor, read this article.)

 

KJV w/Translation Issues :

But what think ye(WF)? A certain(IW) man had two sons; and(IW) he came(CW, WF) to the first, and(IW) said, Son(CW), go work(MW)  to day in my(WW) vineyard.

KJV List (See full page for word-by-word analysis):
For analysis of each word of original Greek and biblical verses, click here.

Constantly Updated

My analysis standards and methods are constantly improving. New information on each verse is provided as articles are updated. It requires approximately two years for me to work through updating each of Jesus's verses.

What Jesus's Listeners Heard

The everyday meanings of the Greek words Jesus used were different than the definitions they have been given over time in biblical translation. The word translations here are based upon documents of his time such as the Greek Septuagint, not ideas unknown in his time.

About this Site

See what Jesus said in Greek and see how his words are changed in English translation. My goal is to translate Jesus's words as they were heard when he taught, not the way they are interpreted today. The work here resurrects the humor and cleverness of Jesus's words lost in translation.

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Do Your Own Research

Each article provides detailed information on all the Greek words in each verse with links simplifying your own research. It compares the Greek to popular translations to show where words are confused, changed, left out, and added. This site offers research available nowhere else, such as how often Jesus uses a specific Greek word and links to a list of every verse in which he uses a given word.