The parable of the Rich Man and the afflicted Lazarus, where both have died.
Luke 16:23 And in hell he lift up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom.
Luke 16:23 In Hades, where he was in torment, he looked up and saw Abraham far away, with Lazarus by his side.
And in that netherworld, raising up those eyes of his, being really in trials, he observed Abraham from afar and Lazarus in those laps of his.
Abraham is the second character in this story with a name, when Jesus names no one else in his stories. Even stranger, he is putting words in the mouth of a patriarch.
The "hell" in the KJV is correctly translated as "hades" in the NIV. It is the Greek for the land of departed spirits. It is the name of Pluto, Hades, the god of the underworld and used for the netherworld. It is only used four times, twice in Matthew and twice in Luke.
The word translated as "torment" appears only in two verses of Jesus's words, both in this parable. The word primarily means "trial" not torment, but it can mean trial by torture. Specifically, it means a test for truth. The image is someone being put on trial for their falseness of his life.
We can see pretty far once we clear away our lies.
And in (MW) hell(CW) he lift(WF) up his (MW) eyes, being(CW) in torments(CW), and(IW) seeth(CW) Abraham (MW) afar off, and Lazarus in his (MW) bosom(WN).
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "hell" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "hell”.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "lifting up”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "eyes" is not shown in the English translation
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "to be”.
- CW --Confusing Word -- "Torments" is more specific than the word's more general meaning.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not one of the common words usually translated as "see”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "from" after "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "bosom" is not shown in the English translation
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "bosoms" is translated as singular but the Greek word is plural.
(MW) In (MW) Hades, where(IW) he was(CW, WF) in torment(CW), he looked(CW, WF) up and(IW) saw(CW) Abraham (MW) far away, with(WW) Lazarus [by his side(PP)].
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" at the beginning of the sentence is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "hades" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "where " doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "was”.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "being really”.
- CW --Confusing Word -- "Torment" is more specific than the word's more general meaning.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "looked”.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "looking up”.
- MP - Missing Phrase - The phrase "those eyes of his" exists in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not one of the common words usually translated as "see”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "from" after "see" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "with" should be something more like "and”.
- PP -- Paraphrase - The phrase "in those laps of his" exists in the source but "by his side" doesn't.
And -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in”, "on”, "within”, "among", "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time", "in the time”, "within” and "in”. With the direct object form, it means "into”, "on” and "for”.
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more.
hell -- (CW) "Hell" is the Greek concept of the land of departed spirits. It is the name of Pluto, Hades, the god of the underworld and used for the netherworld. It is only used four times, twice in Matthew and twice in Luke. See this article. This is not the word usually translated as "hell”.
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb
lift - (WF) The word translated as "lift up" means "lift up”, "set on”, "raise”, "exalt”, "magnify”, "stir up”, "excite”, "urge on” and "persuade”. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "lifting up”.
up - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
his -- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of his”.
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
eyes,-- The Greek word for "eye" is the more technical terms for "eye" but it also means "sight". In Greek, an eye is a metaphor for comfort and cheer.
being - - (CW) "Being" is from a verb that means "to take the initiative", "to begin," and to "exist really". Its form is a participle, a verbal adjective. This is not the word usually translated as "to be”.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in", "on”, "within”, "among", "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time”, "in the time”, "within" and "in”. With the direct object form, it means "into”, "on” and "for”.
torments, - (CW) "Torments" is a Greek noun that means "touchstone" (used to test for truth), generally, "test", "trial of genuineness", a "trial" of strength, "inquiry by torture", "confession upon torture", and "agony" of battle”. It is used only in this story by Jesus. This translation is more specific than the word's meaning.
and -- (IW) These is no "and" here. It is added because the previous participle was changed from an adjective form to an active verb in translation.
seeth-- (CW) "See" is from a Greek verb, which means "to see with the eyes”, "to look” and "to observe”. It has the sense of sighting something. Jesus uses this word often to mean "watch out" or "look out" as a warning but another verb is better translated as "watch" so "look" works more consistently. This is not one of the common words usually translated as "see”.
Abraham -- This is from the Greek spelling of "Abraham."
missing "from" -- (MW) The untranslated word "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from”. It is not the word form usually translated as "of”. Referring to time, it means "from" and "after”.
afar off, -- "Afar off" is an adverb that means "from afar" (space) and "from a long since" (time).
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
Lazarus -- "Lazarus" is the is a Greek form of the Hebrew name Eleazar, which means "He who God helps”.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in”, "on”, "within”, "among”, "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time", "in the time”, "within”, and "in”. With the direct object form, it means "into", "on" and "for”.
his - The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of his”.
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, “that”, "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
bosom. - - (WN) "Bosom" is the Greek noun that means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb", and, of the sea, "bay". It is closer to the "lap" or "belly" than the chest. Jesus only uses this term three times. -- This word is not singular but plural.
missing "and" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
In -- The word translated as "in" means "in”, "on”, "within”, "among", "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time”, "in the time”, "within” and "in”. With the direct object form, it means "into", "on" and "for”.
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more.
Hades-- "Hades" is the Greek concept of the land of departed spirits. It is the name of Pluto, Hades, the god of the underworld and used for the netherworld. It is only used four times, twice in Matthew and twice in Luke. See this article.
where -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
was - - (CW, WF) "Was" is from a verb that means "to take the initiative", "to begin” and to "exist really”. Its form is a participle, a verbal adjective. This is not the word usually translated as "to be”. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "being really”.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in”, "on”, "within”, "among", "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time”, "in the time”, "within” and "in”. With the direct object form, it means "into", "on” and "for”.
torment - (CW) "Torment" is a Greek noun that means "touchstone" (used to test for truth), generally, "test", "trial of genuineness", a "trial" of strength, "inquiry by torture", "confession upon torture", and "agony" of battle. It is used only in this story by Jesus. This translation is more specific than the word's meaning.
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
looked - (CW, WF) The word translated as "looked" means "lift up”, "set on”, "raise”, "exalt”, "magnify”, "stir up”, "excite”, "urge on” and "persuade”. This is not the word usually translated as "looked”. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "lifting up”.
up - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
missing "those eyes of his" -- -- (MP) The words here aren't translated with their correct meanings and forms. The first untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more. The Greek word for "eyes" is the more technical terms for "eye" but it also means "sight”. In Greek, an eye is a metaphor for comfort and cheer. The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of his”.
with Lazarus by his side.
and -- (IW) These is no "and" here. It is added because the previous participle was changed from an adjective form to an active verb in translation.
saw -- (CW) "See" is from a Greek verb, which means "to see with the eyes", "to look” and "to observe”. It has the sense of sighting something. Jesus uses this word often to mean "watch out" or "look out" as a warning but another verb is better translated as "watch" so "look" works more consistently. This is not one of the common words usually translated as "see”.
Abraham -- This is from the Greek spelling of "Abraham”.
missing "from" -- (MW) The untranslated word "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from”. It is not the word form usually translated as "of”. Referring to time, it means "from” and "after”.
afar away, -- "Afar away" is an adverb that means "from afar" (space) and "from a long since" (time).
with -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "with" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even", "also" and "just”. This word doesn't mean "with”.
Lazarus -- "Lazarus" is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Eleazar, which means "He who God helps”.
by his side. -- (PP) The Greek words meaning "in those laps of his" here are not translated but instead their assumed meaning is paraphrased into different words. The word untranslated as "in" means "in”, "on”, "within”, "among”, "by" (near), "by" (as an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "those”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more. "laps" is the Greek noun that means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb", and, of the sea, "bay". It is closer to the "lap" or "belly" than the chest. Jesus only uses this term three times. The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of his”.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and” or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”. In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also”. After words implying sameness "as”.
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with its usual indirect (dative) object, "in”, "on”, "at”, "by”, "among”, "within”, "surrounded by”, "in one's hands”, "in one's power”, "during” and "with" (in the sense of nearness). With a direct (accusative) object, it means "into", "on” and "for”. Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during”.
τῷ [821 verses](article sg masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
ᾄδῃ {ᾄδην} [4 verses] (noun sg masc acc) "Hell" is from hades, the Greek term for the netherworld. It is a place of departed spirits. It is also a synonym for "death”.
ἐπάρας [5 verses] (part sg aor act masc nom "He lift up" is from epairo, which means "lift up”, "set on”, "raise”, "exalt”, "magnify”, "stir up”, "excite”, "urge on” and "persuade”.
τοὺς [821 verses](article pl masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
ὀφθαλμοὺς [26 verses](noun pl masc acc) "Eyes" is ophthalmos, which means "eye”, "sight”, "the dearest and best”, "light”, "cheer”, "comfort” and "the bud” [of a plant]. It also means "sight”. It also means "dearest”, "best”, as the eye is the most precious part of the body, hence of men. The singular phrase "the eye" meant the eye of a ruler or master. The king's eye was a confidential officer who reported about what was going on in a kingdom. The eye of the sky was the sun. The eye of the evening was the moon. The eye is a metaphor for comfort and cheer.
αὐτοῦ [142 verses](adv/adj sg masc gen) "His" is autou, which means is the singular adjective used as the genitive pronoun, which is used as a possessive form or the object of prepositions and sometimes verbs as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord”. In its adverbial form, this means "just here" or "exactly there”. This form is often used as the object of a preposition, “him”. This form of an object of a preposition means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time. Though the form is masculine, it refers to masculine words, not people. The masculine form is used to refer to people in general, not just men.
ὑπάρχων [8 verses](part sg pres act masc nom ) "Being" is from hyparchonta, which is the participle form of hyparcho, which means "to take the initiative", "to begin", "take the initiative in","to be the beginning", "to exist really", "to be laid down", "to be taken for granted", and of persons "to be devoted to one”. In this form, a participle used as a noun, it means "existing circumstances", "present advantages", "possessions", "resources, "that which is in existence” and "the past record”.
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with its usual indirect (dative) object, "in”, "on”, "at”, "by”, "among", "within”, "surrounded by”, "in one's hands”, "in one's power”, "during” and "with" (in the sense of nearness). With a direct (accusative) object, it means "into", "on” and "for”. Referring to time, it means "in the course of" or "during”.
βασάνοις, [2 verses](noun pl fem dat) "Torments" is basanos, which means "touchstone" (used to test for truth), generally, "test", "trial of genuineness", a "trial" of strength, "inquiry by torture", "confession upon torture", and "agony" of battle.
ὁρᾷ [20 verses] (verb 3rd sg pres ind act) "Seeth" is from horao, which means "to see with the eyes”, "to look”, "to observe”, "see”, "aim”, "have sight”, "behold”, "keep in sight” and as a metaphor of mental sight, "discern” and "perceive”. Jesus often uses it as a warning as we would use "watch out" or "look out”.
Ἀβραὰμ [18 verses](Hebrew name) "Abraham" is Abraam, which is the Greek form of "Abraham”.
ἀπὸ [190 verses](prep) "From" is apo, a preposition of separation which means "from" or "away from" from when referring to place or motion, "from" or "after" when referring to time, "from" as an origin or cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done. Referring to time, it means "from” and "after”. Usually takes the genitive object. As a prefix, means "asunder”, "completing”, "ceasing”,"back again” and "by way of abuse”.--- (CW) The word translated as "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after." CW - Confusing Word -- The "of" does not capture the word's specific meaning.
μακρόθεν [uncommon][3 verses](adv) "Afar off" is makrothen, which means "from afar" (space) and "from a long since" (time).
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and” or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”. In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also”. After words implying sameness "as”.
Λάζαρον [7 verses](noun sg masc acc)"Lazarus" is from "Lazaros," which is a Greek form of the Hebrew name Eleazar, which means "He who God helps”.
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with its usual indirect (dative) object, "in”, "on”, "at”, "by”, "among”, "within”, "surrounded by”, "in one's hands”, "in one's power”, "during” and "with" (in the sense of nearness). With a direct (accusative) object, it means "into”, "on” and "for”. Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during”.
τοῖς [821 verses](article pl masc dat) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
κόλποις [3 verses] (noun pl masc dat) "Bosom" is from kolpos, which means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb" and, of the sea, "bay".
αὐτοῦ [142 verses](adv/adj sg masc gen) "His/" is autou, which is the singular adjective used as the genitive pronoun, which is used as a possessive form or the object of prepositions and sometimes verbs as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord”. In its adverbial form, this means "just here" or "exactly there”. This form is often used as the object of a preposition, “him”. This form of an object of a preposition means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time. Though the form is masculine, it refers to masculine words, not people. The masculine form is used to refer to people in general, not just men.-